Category Archives: Mars

Done, for Now!

This past month I’ve been doing markups on the layouts for Visions of the Cosmos — the book that Jack Brandt and I have written together, due out this fall from Cambridge University Press. It has been a time-consuming process — crosschecking each page with the manuscript and images we sent to the press last spring. I call it the “fine-tooth comb” process and now that it’s done, I’m glad it’s over. But, while I’m doing it, it seems to last an eternity.
Now that it’s done, I can turn my attention back to the sky. Most avid amateurs out there are checking out the planet Mars when they get a chance. For those of you who have been under a rock or eating your way across the south of France or living under cloudy skies, here’s the scoop on the Red Planet’s doings.
First of all, Mars is about as close in its orbit as it ever gets to Earth. On August 27, 2003 it will be about 35 million miles (that’s about 56 million kilometers) away. So, that means if you’re checking it out through a telescope, it will appear about as big in the eyepiece as it ever gets. Still, it won’t be THAT big — but depending on the size of your scope (say a 6-inch or larger), you should be able to make out the polar cap and maybe some dark markings. That is, of course, if the view isn’t obscured by a dust storm at Mars or a cloud bottom here on Earth. Right now (the end of July, northern hemisphere) you can go out about midnight and look for the Red Planet low in the southeast in the constellation Aquarius.

Mars from the Global Surveyor Spacecraft
Mars from the Global Surveyor Spacecraft

What if you were on Mars, looking back at Earth? Well, right at opposition the view wouldn’t be too good — Earth would be pretty close to the Sun as seen from Mars. But, at other times of the year, if you were a Martian stargazer with a good backyard-type telescope, you’d see a bluish-white world with a good-sized moon in orbit around it.

This image was taken on May 8, 2003 by the Mars Global Surveyor that’s orbiting Mars and mapping its surface. Kinda gives us a whole new way of looking at our home planet — from the viewpoint of a Martian!

Exploring the Solar System: Mars

Mars!
Mars!

Of all the planets in the Solar System, to my mind, this place rocks! Why do I say that? I’ve always wanted to go there, ever since I was a kid and played “Going to Mars” with my sibs and cousins out in a field by our house. I hadn’t even read any of the Edgar Rice Burroughs Mars books at that time, I just knew it had to be an interesting place!

Fictional Mars was peopled with all manner of strange beings — princesses, heroes, alien beings called Thoats, and they all lived a sort of adventurous life among the canyons and jungles of the imaginary surface of the Red Planet.

All those beings began to dissolve into the fictional plane when telescopes got powerful enough to give us a view of Mars that was more like the Arizona desert than the jungles of Africa. When the first spacecraft missions visited the planet beginning in the 1960s, the world of thoats and princesses vanished back to the bookshelves.

Today, we know Mars is a dry and dusty desert planet, with the remains of ancient lakes and streambeds showing that water once existed on the surface, and two polar caps of water and carbon dioxide ice. Like Earth, it has volcanoes — but its calderas have been sleeping for millennia. It has an atmosphere not much thicker than the Earth’s stratosphere, and its air is mostly carbon dioxide — the same waste product we breathe out as we breathe in oxygen. The surface is split by canyons, pockmarked by impact craters, and covered with fine, wind-blown dust and sand.

Think we’ll ever get to explore this planet in person? For more than thirty years, people have made mission plans to take humans to the Red Planet. The “Case for Mars” meetings (which were held beginning in the early 1980s and have been repeated every few years at the University of Colorado) included many sessions on ways to get to Mars, surviving on its surface, and the many scientific studies that explorers could do. Today the Mars Society and others carry on the legacy of planning — with an eventual goal of putting people on the Red Planet sometime in the next decade (or sooner).

So why do I think this seemingly dead planet rocks? Because of all the planets in the Solar System, Mars is the most like Earth — and offers the best chances for actual human exploration and eventual habitation. It fires our imagination and gives us a place to go next. Understanding how this planet came to be the way it is helps us learn more about the evolution of the solar system as a whole, and our own home planet in particular. Besides, it’s just plain darned cool!