Category Archives: solar system exploration

Cold and Then Some

Cold, and then Some

Up until a couple of days ago we were shivering under some pretty cold temps up here in New England. The other night we took the trash out and it was about 10 below zero (F)—cold enough to literally take your breath away. The sky was quite clear that night, and the stars were stunningly beautiful. Mars was like a red beacon…The next day I walked out to get the mail and noticed the ice in the driveway. It reminded me of pictures I’d seen of ice fields on the worlds of the outer solar system. Out there ice doesn’t so much melt off the surfaces of those worlds, but it sublimates—it turns from ice crystals into a gas without going through that pesky liquid phase we see here on Earth.

Oh, there is liquid water out there at the outer worlds. At least, that’s the working hypothesis deduced from various observations. And, how else do you explain what looks like deposits of fresh ice that have somehow oozed up through cracks on the surfaces of places like Enceladus, Europa and Pluto’s moon Charon? It’s only a matter of time before the existence of all those cold oceans are confirmed. And, when I read about them, I can certainly sympathize with the idea of cold—especially after the bitterly cold weather we had last week. However, I am reminded that 10 below zero here on Earth would be a pretty warm day on Mars or Enceladus or Tethys or Pluto or Charon— so we have it pretty good here at home.

Speaking of cold and ice and outer solar system, here’s the latest installment of my ongoing vodcast series. It features an observation made at Gemini Observatory that I wrote about a few months ago, and an image I worked on with the PR folks at Gemini. Come on—let’s go visit some ice worlds!


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Solar System Exploration Continued…

British scientists continue to hope for communications with the Beagle 2 lander on Mars, despite pretty obvious signs that the mission has failed in some essential way. There are a number of reasons why they keep hoping, including considerations that it may have landed in an awkward position, or in a crater, or there’s a problem with its transmitter, but they all add up to a disappointing return on investment for the research group. I hope they don’t give up soon, but eventually they will have to face the reality that their lander didn’t make it. You pick up the pieces and go on, no matter how difficult. In the meantime, the NASA Mars Express missions are about to commence — the first one lands tomorrow (January 3) and if it makes it down safely, will deliver a mobile lab to the dusty red plains of Mars.

Today the Stardust mission has its close encounter with Comet Wild 2 and should pass within 200 miles of the comet’s surface. If all goes well, it’ll scoop up some comet dust and return a wealth of data about the conditions in the neighborhood. I think this is pretty cool, given that I studied comet plasma tails for a number of years. Granted it’s a different breed of tail than the dust tail, but the mission is giving us another long-awaited “look” at a comet up-close-and-personal that astronomers have been anticipating for years. During the Halley years, we had a flotilla of six spacecraft head out to visit the comet’s nucleus, and some pretty compelling images and data flowed out of that experience. I hope that the same result comes from this mission, and that the Mars folks get what they want, too.