Category Archives: astronomy

JWST Catches a Protostar in the Act

On the heels of that amazingly successful Artemis-1 launch to the Moon, the JWST teams have just dropped an amazing image of a protostar. It’s an infrared view of the object L1527, which is a dark cloud of gas and dust with a future star just starting to form inside.

As you look at the image, you can see some pretty interesting features. The protostar is hidden at the center and the cloud of gas and dust it’s buried in is about the size of our solar system. The object is lighting up the clouds of gas and dust stretching away from it. Amazingly, you can also see caverns and filaments inside the cloud. Those are all regions where the material being ejected from the newborn star is sculpting the cloud.

Now, this protostar is pretty young—maybe only about 100,000 years old. It’s not actually a fully-fledged star yet. That’s going to take some time before nuclear fusion ignites at its core. Before that happens, materials in the thick birth cloud will continue to coalesce toward the center. They’re drawn by the gravity of the forming star.

As the material falls in, it creates a dense accretion disk that will keep feeding the infant star. As it gains more mass and compresses further, the temperature at the protostar’s core will rise. Eventually, things will get hot enough and the pressure high enough that nuclear fusion will ignite.

A Star Is Born (or Will Be)

So, in a few tens of thousands or a million years, this area of the sky will welcome a new star. The cool thing is that there are a lot more places like this in the galaxy for JWST to study. That means a lot more data for astronomers to study as they seek to understand the process of star birth.

JWST is the latest of the world’s space telescopes to take its turn showing us the universe, particularly in infrared wavelengths. Its first images of the distant universe began flowing back to Earth for analysis earlier this year.

Read more about this image and its details here.

Pandemic Didn’t Stop Our Love of the Stars

Back in the “before times” (i.e. before the pandemic and all the shutdowns), I offered stargazing and astronomy lectures onboard cruise ships. I had a lot of fun doing talks and showing people from all over the world how to look at the stars. As with other groups of people, the folks I sailed with always had interesting questions about astronomy and space travel.

On one of my first trips, for example, I got into a discussion with a rabbi about black holes. On another adventure, I enjoyed lunch with a pair of ex-Navy officers who were on a “retirement” adventure. They actually taught ME about navigation and the stars. Later that cruise, we got to know the ship’s actual navigator, who gave a star-sighting demonstration.

We all had a chance to visit with the young man (who was from Russia) and “talk shop”. Turned out he’d been watching all my lectures via the onboard TV channel. He knew how to do the navigation sightings, but didn’t know much more about the stars and planets.

Traveling with the Stars

Of course, cruises weren’t the only places where I got to teach about the stars. Pre-pandemic, I attended conferences both at home and abroad, particularly meetups where we would gather astronomers and educators to talk about the best ways to bring astronomy to the public. I was a guest speaker at a number of star parties in the U.S. and Canada when I was working at Sky & Telescope, and before that as a graduate student.

One quite memorable trip occurred when I went to Warsaw and then traveled to Torun. Along the way, we visited a series of small observatories that were built by students and their families. I was quite heartened to see the huge interest these folks had in astronomy.

The Astrobaza student-run observatory in Piwnice in central Poland, not far from the town of Torun (the birthplace and home of Copernicus). They're well-equipped and open to students in all grades up to age 19. The students learn to study the stars, planets and galaxies. Copyright 2013 Carolyn Collins Petersen
The Astrobaza student-run observatory in Piwnice in central Poland, not far from the town of Torun (the birthplace and home of Copernicus). They’re well-equipped and open to students in all grades up to age 19. The students learn to study the stars, planets, and galaxies. Copyright 2013 Carolyn Collins Petersen

Alas, those days and nights are gone. Well, at least for a while, until the cruise lines welcome me back as a regular lecturer. And actually, it’s only been a recent development that I’ve felt comfortable even traveling to meetings. And, in fact, I did go to a meeting a few weeks ago—the American Astronomical Society (of which I’ve been a member for decades), met in Pasadena, California. It was an amazing experience to get back together with folks I haven’t seen for years.

Keeping Folks Looking Up at the Sky

I still do hear from of my some of my former shipmates from the pre-pandemic cruise days. And, I keep in touch with my fellow astronomy communicators in planetarium facilities, media outlets, and other places. One thing that I notice didn’t stop for the pandemic was our love of communicating our favorite science. I joined the writing staff of Universe Today, and am honored to be among some excellent communicators. I’ve also been a regular on the Weekly Space Hangout. And, in a few weeks, I’ll be leading a star party in our neighborhood (safely masked, of course), to keep the tradition of astronomy communication alive.